Study of internal ring rotation and molecular reorientation in the liquid crystal 5O.7 by deuterium N.M.R. spectroscopy

Abstract

The spectral densities of motion were determined by deuterium N.M.R. relaxation measurements in the nematic, smectic A and smectic C phases of 4-n-pentyloxybenzylidene-d ₁-4′-heptylaniline and 4-n-pentyloxybenzylidene-4′-heptylaniline-2,3,5,6-d ₄. By examining two atomic sites on a 5O.7 molecule, we were able to gain information on the reorientation motion and internal rotation of the aniline ring. It was also found that director fluctuations make some contribution to the spectral density J ₁ (ω). We use the superimposed rotations model to account for the internal ring motion and the small step rotational diffusion model for the molecular reorientation. The derived rotational diffusion constants for the spinning and tumbling motions appear to give physically plausible activation energies in the mesophases of 5O.7.     

Solvent‐Controlled Bifurcated Cascade Process for the Selective Preparation of Dihydrocarbazoles or Dihydropyridoindoles

A solvent‐controlled cascade process has been identified for the dual purpose of the preparation of either dihydrocarbazoles or dihydropyridoindoles from identical N‐aryl‐α,β‐unsaturated nitrones and electron‐deficient allene starting materials. These reactions proceed smoothly under mild metal‐free conditions affording a range of two types of skeletally distinct indole‐based heterocycles in high yield and diastereoselectivity. These transformations demonstrate the use of a bifurcated cascade process that hinges on the ring‐opening event of a benzazepine intermediate for the synthesis of skeletally diverse heterocyclic products and rapid access to biologically‐significant, indole‐based structures.     

长玻纤母料增强聚丙烯研究

长玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料被称为热塑性玻璃钢,由于具有较好的力学性能、成型工艺容易控制、易回收利用等特点,已经成为传统玻璃钢的替代产品。本文以聚丙烯作为基体,长玻纤母料作为增强相,加入相容剂以及其它助剂,制备可回收利用、满足环保要求的绿色复合材料,并对其拉伸、弯曲性能进行测试,进而得出长玻纤母料对聚丙烯的增强作用。研究结果表明:长玻纤母料与聚丙烯具有很好的相容性,能够错落有致地分布于聚丙烯基体中,达到很好的增强效果。     

Interbasis expansions for isotropic harmonic oscillator

The exact solutions of the isotropic harmonic oscillator are reviewed in Cartesian, cylindrical polar and spherical coordinates. The problem of interbasis expansions of the eigenfunctions is solved completely. The explicit expansion coefficients of the basis for given coordinates in terms of other two coordinates are presented for lower excited states. Such a property is occurred only for those degenerated states for given principal quantum number n.     

IPDA激光雷达数据反演快速精确优化算法

研究了积分路径差分吸收(IPDA)激光雷达中采用洛伦兹线型代替伏格特线型对机载平台探测CO₂柱浓度精度的影响。建立仿真模型，讨论两种线型在数据反演中对温度和气压的敏感性，以及探测相对误差变化随飞行高度的变化。结果表明：伏格特和洛伦兹线型得到的吸收截面，温度和气压敏感性，相对随机误差分别为0.860%，-0.703%和0.224%，基本没有差别，但是洛伦兹线型可以有效地提高光谱参数计算效率。机载IPDA激光雷达采用洛伦兹线型可以快速高精度反演飞行路径上CO₂柱浓度，降低了对系统计算能力的要求，有助于实现在飞期间数据实时反演和分析，以及实施针对突发事件的飞行规划，同时也有助于进一步实现机载激光雷达系统的小型化和集成化。     

Solvent replacement to thermo‐responsive nanoparticles from long‐subchain hyperbranched PSt grafted with PNIPAM for encapsulation

Long‐subchain hyperbranched polystyrene (lsc‐hp PSt) with uniform subchain length was obtained through copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry from seesaw macromonomer of PSt having one alkynyl group anchored at the chain centre and two azido group attached to both chain ends [alkynyl‐(PSt‐N₃)₂]. After precipitation fraction, different portions of lsc‐hp PSt having narrow overall molecular weight distribution were obtained for further grafting with alkynyl‐capped poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (alkynyl‐PNIPAM), which was obtained via single‐electron transfer living radical polymerization of NIPAM with propargyl 2‐bromoisobutyrate as the initiator and grafted onto the peripheral azido groups of lsc‐hp PSt via click chemistry. Thus, amphiphilic lsc‐hp PSt grafted with PNIPAM chains (lsc‐hp PSt‐g‐PNIPAM) was obtained and would have star‐like conformation in tetrahydrofuran (THF). By replacing THF with water, lsc‐hp PSt‐g‐PNIPAM was dissolved at molecular level in aqueous solution due to the hydrophilicity of PNIPAM and exhibited thermal induced shrinkage of PNIPAM arms. The water‐insoluble lsc‐hp PSt would collapse densely and could be served as a reservoir to absorb hydrophobic chemicals in aqueous solution. The influence of overall molecular weight of lsc‐hp PSt on the absorption of pyrene was studied. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013